2011年南京大学古代文学考研复试真题

一、英译中

Why the Rich Give to Charity The reasons why the rich give to charity are as varied asthe rich themselves.Some give out of vanity. Some out of guilt. Some for thetax breaks. Some give out of conviction that their success in business makesthem equally expert in solving the world’s problems.

Yet perhaps the most powerful and common reason why the rich give is the idea most commonly referred to as “legacy.”

“Legacy” has become so overused and manipulated bywealth-management firms that it’s lost much of its meaning. But in an article in the Guardian, Britishtelecoms billionaire John Caudwell gives the best definition yet of why legacydrives the rich to give.

It boils down to what’s on your tombstone. “Here lies aVery Successful Businessman,” he says. “Doesn’t really do it, does it? Notquite enough, somehow.

You’d want something more.”

He says he’s proud of his business success, the jobs he’screated and the taxes he’s paid. He said he “sacrificed what most people call anormal life” to make his wealth. It’s not a guilt thing.

“Business gives you a massive high,” he told the Guardian.“Doing a great deal, coming up with an inspirational solution . . . It’s veryaddictive. But it doesn’t last long. In isolation, it’s a bit sterile. Itdoesn’t reward the soul.”

Caudwell said that he started helping a young girl who hadspinal muscular atrophy, providing special wheelchairs and care to give hermore independence. Now he’s giving away most of his fortune, with a lot of itgoing to disabled children. “You should see the difference,” he says. “Now that’s areward. That’s a fantastic reward. A totally different reward.”

这是摘自华尔街日报2012.3.8 的一篇文章，相当的新鲜。

二、中译英

继续推进“社会公平正义”

温家宝总理说在他任职的最后一年，ZF 将继续努力促进社会的公平正义。9 年来，ZF 为实现社会的公平正义做了大量不可磨灭的工作。

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said the government will continue to work hard to promote social justice during his last year in office. He said the government has done a lot of work over the past nine years for the social equity and justice.

首先,在法律上,ZF 通过修改宪法将尊重和保障人权写入宪法。ZF 还制定了物权法，使合法的私有财产得到法律保护；修改了选举法，使城乡选民具有平等的权利；废除了收容遣送条例，使农民自由进城务工。

On the legal front, the government has incorporated the requirement on respecting and safeguarding human rights into the Chinese Constitution. The government has also formulated the Property Law to protect the legal property rights of the people,amended the Election Law to ensure equal rights of election of urban and rural residents, and abolished the regulations that restrict the freedom of mobility of rural residents into the cities.

其次，在农村，ZF 坚决地取消了农业税，减轻了农民的不合理负担。

In rural areas, the government has abolished the agricultural taxes so as to ease the burdens on Chinese farmers.

第三，在教育上，ZF 实行了九年免费义务制教育，对农村的孩子上职业学校实行免费，同时对大学和农村高中阶段的教育实行奖助学金制度，对困难地区农村寄宿制学校给予补贴。

On education, the government has provided nine-year free compulsory education, and offered free vocational education and subsidy and scholarship for high school students in rural areas.

第四，ZF 建立和完善了包括养老、失业、医疗、低保在内的社会保障体系。企业职工医疗保险、城市居民医疗保险和新农合已经覆盖13 亿人口。

The government also put in place a social security system that includes old-age pension, unemployment insurance and health care program. The health care program has already covered 1.3 billion people.

这是今年两会上温家宝的谈话内容，考题略有改动，本人为大家附上了当时报告的官方翻译，以供参考。

三、写作

谈及作为一个translator 你可以通过何种方式和努力为chinese culture 的发展和繁荣做出贡献。字数至少250字